General Orchid Growing Conditions

The enchanting beauty and endless variety of orchids has captivated gardeners for centuries. Ensuring your orchids thrive and bloom requires understanding their basic needs, which can be easily met. In this article we review the basics of orchid care, from light requirements to seasonal adjustments that will ensure your orchids flourish in any environment.

Temperature
Orchids can be separated into three temperature categories: Warm, Intermediate, and Cool. Warm-growing orchids prefer daytime temperatures between 75°F and 85°F, and nighttime temperatures between 65°F and 75°F. Intermediate temperature orchids prefer daytime temps between 70°F and 80°F, and nighttime temps from 55°F to 65°F. Cool-growing orchids enjoy daytime temperatures between 60°F and 70°F, and can comfortably handle nighttime lows between 50°F and 55°F.

Light
Orchids require bright, diffuse light. Place orchids directly in front of an east or west-facing window. Orchids can be grown in south-facing windows that have sheer curtains to diffuse the light, or neighboring plants that provide shade. Direct midday sun can burn orchid leaves. If natural light is limited, consider supplementing with artificial light. Providing the right amount of light for your orchids will reward you with vigorous plants with energy to flower.

Humidity
Orchids prefer humidity levels between 40% and 60%. Achieving this can be as simple as placing a humidifier near your orchids, or arranging them on trays filled with water and pebbles. Regular misting is beneficial, especially in dry climates or heated indoor spaces. Proper humidity ensures your orchids' leaves remain full and hydrated, and that blooms open properly.

Watering
The watering needs of orchids varies between species, but most orchids need to be watered just before their potting medium becomes dry. The potting medium should never be allowed to become bone-dry between waterings, nor should it remain soggy. Water orchids deeply and thoroughly with room temperature water until the water is flowing out the bottom of the pot.

Seasonal changes in the growing environment
As seasons change, so should your orchid care. In spring and summer, when orchids enter their active growth phase, water more frequently. Allow the potting medium to approach dryness between waterings, but don’t allow it to completely dry out. In the fall, when days shorten and temperatures drop, reduce watering. This mimics orchids’ natural dormancy period, which allows your orchids to rest and conserve energy. In winter, protect your orchids from cold drafts, and provide gentle, consistent warmth. 

The basic needs of orchids (correct temperature, light, water and humidity) are shared between all orchid species and hybrids. Specific needs exist, but involve small alterations to the basic needs described here. For in-depth information and specific care needs, see our A-Z Orchid Guides. Observe your plants closely and adjust care accordingly. When provided the correct light, temperature, watering, humidity, and seasonal adjustments, your orchids will flourish and fill your home with their exquisite beauty. Happy orchid growing!